Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Science

Title Overview of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) Infection

Faten Alsulaimany — 2024-01-07

Hepatitis B is a virus that can harm the liver in both the short and long term. The virus can also be transmitted through unsafe injections, unsafe sex, or accidental skin puncture with a sharp object, among other means. The virus is most commonly passed from mother to child during labor and delivery. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 296 million people will have chronic hepatitis B infection in 2019, with 1.5 million new cases each year. The vast majority of the estimated 820,000 hepatitis B-related deaths in 2019 are due to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. (Primary liver cancer). Hepatitis B can be avoided with the help of safe and effective vaccines. The hepatitis B virus causes a liver infection that, if left untreated, can be fatal (HBV). The entire world's health is jeopardized. It can result in a long-term infection and an increased risk of dying from cirrhosis or liver cancer. You can get a vaccine that protects against hepatitis B and has a high success rate (98% to 100%). A major goal is to prevent long-term health problems and liver cancer, both of which can result from hepatitis B infection. According to the World Health Organization, there are 116 million and 81 million infected people worldwide. According to statistics, chronic hepatitis B infection is most common in the Western Pacific and African regions. The WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region has 60 million cases, South-East Asia has 18 million, Europe has 14 million, and the Americas have 5 million.

Three successful ways for k doping ZnO sol – gel synthesis

Lila Abdulaziz Alkhattaby — 2024-01-07

One of the most frequently major challenges in the recent research is controlling the doping type I will prepare Zn_1-xk_xO once n-type and once p-type by dusting the type of reaction medium. Therefore, we transformed its preparation in three different ways or methods. In the first method, I use the strong base (KOH) that is much used in the electrical industry and managed to get n-type k doped ZnO, the second method uses halide metal salt (KCl) much used in the medical industry and managed to get p-type k doped ZnO and in the third method, I have used potassium acetate (CH₃ CO₂ K ) hilly cooler use in fire extinguishing and polymer industrial purposes. All methods managed to show Zn_1-x K_x O nanopowder. The morphology analysis studies with the x-ray spectroscopy show ZnO patterns at (100), (002), (101), (102), (110), (103), (112), and (202), the EDX spectroscopy prove doped of potassium in the zinc oxide and show peaks of Zn, K, and O with no impurity while Zn and O are major elements And the scanning electron microscope SEM show hexagonal wurtzite structure for alkali media and dray method. In the acidic media, we managed to get the unstable cube structure ZnO It is a rare formula due to its instability, as the zinc oxide crystal quickly morphs into a hexagon. We have found that it is better to use potassium hydroxide with zinc chloride for electric devise manufacturing and potassium chloride with zinc chloride for photoelectric devise manufacturing.

A Study the Property of superparamagnetic property of nickel ferrite by Zinc doping as base to use in medical resonance imaging.

Faiq Fatani — 2024-01-07

This paper add new step information study ability of work on dopant Zink by 0.01% to nano crystal of NiFe₃O₄ that has good VSM signal on 33% Ni and 67% Fe to check ability to use it as a base on MRI Contrast Agent. BY using Hydrothermal technique to prepare NiFe_xO_ythis type of preparation results in cubic ferrites structure depending on the purity and condition of preparation. This paper will show some results of this material structure with dopant of Zinck this utility used contrast agent base in a medical physics Magnetisation properties study for super spinel ferrites. Data analyzing by use tow examination X-Ray diffraction Analysis and vibrating Sample Magnetometer.

Technical properties of the blended cements containing limestone pozzolana, and slag

Abdulrazzaq Hammal — 2024-01-07

according to the European Standard EN 197-1, there are beside CEM I another types of cement
CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV, and CEM V. This main types of cement contains in addition to clinker,
another main constituent or more (pozzolanic, autopozzolanic, and fillers).
The aim of the present research work was to study the validity of local raw materials and industrial
wastes (limestone, pozzolana and slag) from different areas in Syria as a cement main constituents for
production of the blended cements. For that purpose, the investigate was to study the effect of the
mineral additions as partially substituted of clinker Portland cement on the:
•Grindability performance.
•Physico-mechanical characteristics.
The tests and the analyses carried out on the produced blended cements showed results satisfactory,
Portland-slag cement present of good technical properties, therefore it is recommended to use it in the
works massive and constructions of the stoppings and maritime. Cement with the pozzolana him also
present of good technical properties and has a good behavior similar that of cement to the slag, and one
can use it in the maritime constructions.
These tests enabled us to highlight the use of the local materials raw and industrial as additions for
production of the blended cements

Molecular identification and characterization of Pseudomonas stutzeri strain showing potent degradation activity towards pyrene

Hani Mohammad Ali — 2024-01-07

Pyrene is a Polyaromatic hydrocarbon ubiquitously found in soils. Bioremediation of this lethal and toxic compound is of utmost importance due to its toxicity toward humans. It is imperative to identify and isolate bacterial species that readily degrade pyrene present in the soil. In this study soil samples were collected from different regions in the Madinah region and studied for the presence of bacterial species that readily degrade pyrene. Isolates were thoroughly studied for the degradation of Pyrene using Spectrophotometer, DCPIP Assay, and dry weight method. About 18 bacterial isolates were isolated from soil samples of Madinah. Among them, only P12 show high degradation activity. Furthermore, the potent strains were Identified using 16s rRNA gene sequencing as Pseudomonas stutzeri. Results show that Pseudomonas stutzeri change color from blue to white in the presence of DCPIP dye compare to the control one. The optical density of this strain was also high at 600 nm wavelength compare to the other strains. High Pressure Liquid Chromatography analysis shows that one of the selected sample P12 shows 100 % degradative activity compare to the control one. The dry weight also confirms its degradative activity towards pyrene. Our study concludes that these strains can be used to clean the environment.