Allelopathic activity of crop residues against noxious weeds: a review with particular emphasis on wheat residues

Abstract

Recently, a great deal of attention has been paid to the development of safe and environmentally friendly alternatives to harmful agricultural chemicals. The practice of organic agriculture, or organic farming, has gained increasing popularity in recent years and is increasingly being recognized as an integral part of global food production. By definition, organic agriculture does not use chemicals, pesticides, fertilizers, or genetically modified seeds. The primary objectives of organic farming are to maximize the use efficiency of soil and its organic elements, improve its sustainability and properties naturally, and reduce the demand for chemicals. However, before exploring the concept of organic farming in depth, some questions must be addressed: What are the advantages of organic agriculture and the challenges it faces? How are traditional and organic farming systems different? We provide answers to these questions, as well as clarification of key organic farming concepts, in the current literature review.