Therapeutic Interventions of Major Parasitic Foodborne Diseases

Abstract

Foodborne parasites (FBP) are commonly linked to marginalized
populations, particularly in areas with poor sanitation and
inadequate water supply. Animal products serve as a key route
of foodborne diseases. The ingestion of contaminated water and
food could lead to zoonotic diseases. Foodborne parasites are
comprised of shellfish, fresh produce, and water-contaminating
protozoans (Toxoplasma, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia), fishborne parasites (Anisakid nematodes), and meat-borne parasites
(Trichinella). Globally, novel foodborne pathogens have emerged
after the food system commercialization. Despite the recurrent
antibiotic resistance, albendazole and mebendazole (MBZ)
(Trichinellosis); pyrimethamine/clindamycin, pyrimethamine/
sulfadiazine, or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Toxoplasmosis);
Nitazoxanide (Cryptosporidiosis); nitroimidazoles (Giardiasis);
and niclosamide or praziquantel (10 mg/kg) (Diphyllobothriosis
and Taeniasis) are mainly employed to counter these pathogens.
Fortunately, rapid progress in this field has raised the biological
understanding of parasitic infections, which could help in
eliminating parasitic foodborne outbreaks. This review discusses
the major FBP and related therapeutic interventions