Carbapenemases classes of Carbapenem- Resistant Organisms from Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Due to extensive utilization of carbapenem as anti-antimicrobial agents in treatment, carbapenem-resistant organisms have drastically expanded and turn into a genuine general medical problem. Classes A (KPC), B (IMP, NDM, and VIM) and D with its variations (OXA-48, OXA-162, OXA-181, etc.) are the three significant classes of carbapenemase producing genes, all around the world, in carbapenem-resistant organisms. To maintain a strategic procedure to prevent additional spread of these dangerous bacteria between the hospital patients, quick recognizable proof of the patients colonized with carbapenem- resistant organisms is an absolute necessity to actualize suitable infection control measures. All selected isolates were examined by the Cepheid Xpert Carba-R assay (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) for the detection and differentiation of the most prevalent carbapenemase producing genes; KPC, NDM, VIM, IMP-1, and OXA-48. The genes were detected in 85 out of 156 patients (54%);55 out of 85 (64.7%) harbored OXA-48 gene, whereas; 30 out of 85 (35.3%) harbored NDM gene. All isolated organisms had no IMP, VIM and KPC genes. In conclusion, carbapenem- resistant organisms with OXA-48 and NDM genes still the most prevalent strains in our region.