تشخيص الإمام الشوكاني للأسباب الموقعة في التعصب العلمي من خلال كتابه أدب الطلب ومنتهى الأرب تشخيص الإمام الشوكاني للأسباب الموقعة في التعصب العلمي من خلال كتابه أدب الطلب ومنتهى الأرب

Abstract

This study investigates the phenomenon of scholarly fanaticism and analyzes Imam al-Shawkānī’s approach to diagnosing its root causes as presented in Adab al-Ṭalab wa-Muntahā al-Arab. The research categorizes these causes into three major dimensions: environmental and social, psychological and ethical, and intellectual and methodological. Through inductive and deductive methods, the study identifies how these factors shape scholarly attitudes and practices. The findings demonstrate that individuals are inevitably influenced by their environment. When ignorance and blind imitation dominate, fanaticism—manifested in sectarian partisanship and unquestioned loyalty to teachers or inherited opinions—becomes widespread, with only a few students escaping its impact. Fanaticism is not confined to the unlearned; even knowledgeable scholars may fall into disputation, where bias prevents them from admitting truth, driving them instead to defend personal views and egos. Rivalry among peers is another key factor, often obstructing fairness and leading to rejection of correct opinions merely because they come from competitors. The study recommends further scholarly exploration of the positions of prominent scholars toward fanaticism, underscoring the urgency of confronting and addressing this issue within academic and educational contexts.

Keywords: Diagnosis – al-Shawkānī – causes – occurrence – fanaticism – scholarship